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SS 31
SS31 has shown potential to reduce oxidative stress, improve energy metabolism, and protect tissues from age- and stress-related damage.
Not sure about the right dosage?
Use our Peptide Dosage Calculator for optimal application
Main Information
SS-31, also known as Elamipretide, is a mitochondria-targeting peptide engineered to bind selectively to cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane. By stabilizing mitochondrial structure and function, it enhances ATP production, reduces oxidative stress, and protects cells against damage. SS-31 is being studied for applications in energy metabolism, cardiovascular health, neuroprotection, and healthy aging.
Scientific Background
Mitochondria are often called the “power plants” of our cells because they produce the energy (ATP) we need to function. Over time, however, age, stress, and disease can damage their delicate membranes. This damage leads to less efficient energy production and more harmful by-products called reactive oxygen species (ROS), which accelerate cell stress and aging.
SS-31 is a small, specially designed peptide that can enter cells and go directly to the mitochondria. It binds to cardiolipin, a key component of the inner mitochondrial membrane, helping to stabilize and repair it. By doing so, SS-31 supports healthy mitochondrial shape and function, boosts energy output, and reduces the buildup of damaging ROS.
This peptide was originally developed through research into therapies for heart disease and muscle disorders, where mitochondrial damage is a major factor. Since then, preclinical and clinical studies have shown its potential benefits in conditions like heart failure, neurodegeneration, and age-related fatigue.
Today, SS-31 is considered a promising mitochondria-targeting tool for those interested in energy optimization, recovery, and longevity protocols.
References
Szeto HH. First-in-class cardiolipin-protective compound as a therapeutic agent to restore mitochondrial bioenergetics. Br J Pharmacol. 2014;171(8):2029–2050.
Birk AV, et al. The mitochondrial-targeted compound SS-31 re-energizes ischemic mitochondria. Pharm Res. 2013;30(8):2017–2024.
Daubert MA, et al. Elamipretide improves mitochondrial function in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Circ Heart Fail. 2017;10(12):e004389.
Usage Instructions
You find the most important facts concerning usage below. For detailed guidance on preparation, administration, and dosage of your product, please refer to the product leaflet provided with your package or at the bottom of this page.
- Administration route: Subcutaneous (preferred) or intravenous (research context)
- Needle size: 29–31G (subQ) or standard IV equipment under clinical supervision
- Preparation: Reconstitute lyophilized vial with bacteriostatic water; swirl gently
- Storage: Lyophilized: –20 °C; reconstituted: refrigerate 2–8 °C, protect from light
- Timing: Administer daily or before high physical/oxidative stress periods
Dosage Information
Energy & Recovery Support
- 2–5 mg subQ daily for 5–10 days
- Enhances energy availability and reduces fatigue during stress
Cardiovascular / Longevity Protocol (Research Context)
- 3–10 mg subQ daily or every other day for 2–4 weeks
- Designed to support cardiac and vascular mitochondrial health
Neuroprotection & Stress Resilience
- 2–5 mg daily, 5 days per week for 2–3 weeks
- Often combined with NAD+ or metabolic cofactors for synergistic support
Important Warnings
- Research use only; not FDA/EMA approved for therapy outside clinical trials
- Do not exceed suggested doses without professional oversight
- Not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding
- Potential mild side effects: injection-site irritation, transient headache, flushing
- Caution in individuals with renal impairment or severe metabolic disorders
- Discontinue immediately if allergic reaction, dizziness, or unusual fatigue occurs
- Always use sterile injection technique and rotate sites
SS 31
SS31 has shown potential to reduce oxidative stress, improve energy metabolism, and protect tissues from age- and stress-related damage.
Not sure about the right dosage?
Use our Peptide Dosage Calculator for optimal application